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著者: Anders Sideris, Timothy R Holmes, Benjamin Cumming, Thomas Havas
雑誌名: Laryngoscope. 2020 Feb;130(2):465-473. doi: 10.1002/lary.28076. Epub 2019 Jun 7.
Abstract/Text
OBJECTIVE: Epiglottitis is typically considered a pediatric disease; however, there is growing evidence that the incidence of adult epiglottitis has changed since the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae vaccine. The literature is composed of multiple small series with differing findings. To date, there has been no attempt to collaborate evidence on predictors of airway intervention in this disease.
METHODS: The population of interest was adults with a diagnosis of epiglottitis. The primary outcome in this review was incidence of airway intervention. A comprehensive literature search was conducted of the MEDLINE and Embase databases, and a separate random-effects model meta-analysis was undertaken for all outcome data. Moderator tests for comparison between prevaccine and postvaccine estimates were made, and absolute risk difference (RD) and relative risk (RR) calculations were made for all predictors of airway intervention.
RESULTS: Thirty studies and a total of 10,148 patients were finally included for meta-analysis. A significant decrease in airway intervention was seen post vaccine introduction introduction from 18.8% to 10.9% (P = 0.01). The presence of an abscess (RD 0.27, P = 0.04; RR 2.45, P < 0.001), stridor (RD 0.64, P < 0.001; RR 7.15, P < 0.001), or a history of diabetes mellitus (RD 0.11, P = 0.02; RR 2.15, P = 0.01) were associated with need for airway intervention.
CONCLUSION: In the postvaccine era, clinicians should expect to have to secure airways in 10.9% of cases. The presence of an epiglottic abscess, stridor, or a history of diabetes mellitus are the most reliable clinical features associated with need for airway intervention.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: NA Laryngoscope, 130:465-473, 2020.
© 2019 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.
PMID 31173373 Laryngoscope. 2020 Feb;130(2):465-473. doi: 10.1002/lary.28076. Epub 2019 Jun 7.
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