| |
著者: John S Schieffelin, Jeffrey G Shaffer, Augustine Goba, Michael Gbakie, Stephen K Gire, Andres Colubri, Rachel S G Sealfon, Lansana Kanneh, Alex Moigboi, Mambu Momoh, Mohammed Fullah, Lina M Moses, Bethany L Brown, Kristian G Andersen, Sarah Winnicki, Stephen F Schaffner, Daniel J Park, Nathan L Yozwiak, Pan-Pan Jiang, David Kargbo, Simbirie Jalloh, Mbalu Fonnie, Vandi Sinnah, Issa French, Alice Kovoma, Fatima K Kamara, Veronica Tucker, Edwin Konuwa, Josephine Sellu, Ibrahim Mustapha, Momoh Foday, Mohamed Yillah, Franklyn Kanneh, Sidiki Saffa, James L B Massally, Matt L Boisen, Luis M Branco, Mohamed A Vandi, Donald S Grant, Christian Happi, Sahr M Gevao, Thomas E Fletcher, Robert A Fowler, Daniel G Bausch, Pardis C Sabeti, S Humarr Khan, Robert F Garry, KGH Lassa Fever Program, Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Consortium, WHO Clinical Response Team
雑誌名: N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2092-100. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411680. Epub 2014 Oct 29.
Abstract/Text
BACKGROUND: Limited clinical and laboratory data are available on patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). The Kenema Government Hospital in Sierra Leone, which had an existing infrastructure for research regarding viral hemorrhagic fever, has received and cared for patients with EVD since the beginning of the outbreak in Sierra Leone in May 2014.
METHODS: We reviewed available epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory records of patients in whom EVD was diagnosed between May 25 and June 18, 2014. We used quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays to assess the load of Ebola virus (EBOV, Zaire species) in a subgroup of patients.
RESULTS: Of 106 patients in whom EVD was diagnosed, 87 had a known outcome, and 44 had detailed clinical information available. The incubation period was estimated to be 6 to 12 days, and the case fatality rate was 74%. Common findings at presentation included fever (in 89% of the patients), headache (in 80%), weakness (in 66%), dizziness (in 60%), diarrhea (in 51%), abdominal pain (in 40%), and vomiting (in 34%). Clinical and laboratory factors at presentation that were associated with a fatal outcome included fever, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea, and elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine. Exploratory analyses indicated that patients under the age of 21 years had a lower case fatality rate than those over the age of 45 years (57% vs. 94%, P=0.03), and patients presenting with fewer than 100,000 EBOV copies per milliliter had a lower case fatality rate than those with 10 million EBOV copies per milliliter or more (33% vs. 94%, P=0.003). Bleeding occurred in only 1 patient.
CONCLUSIONS: The incubation period and case fatality rate among patients with EVD in Sierra Leone are similar to those observed elsewhere in the 2014 outbreak and in previous outbreaks. Although bleeding was an infrequent finding, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal manifestations were common. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).
PMID 25353969 N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2092-100. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411680. Epub 2014 Oct 29.
|
