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著者: Cristina Masuet-Aumatell, Jorge Atouguia
雑誌名: Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021 Mar-Apr;40:101946. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101946. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
Abstract/Text
Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), prevalent in many low- and middle-income countries. In high-income territories, typhoid fever is predominantly travel-related, consequent to travel in typhoid-endemic regions; however, data show that the level of typhoid vaccination in travellers is low. Successful management of typhoid fever using antibiotics is becoming increasingly difficult due to drug resistance; emerging resistance has spread geographically due to factors such as increasing travel connectivity, affecting those in endemic regions and travellers alike. This review provides an overview of: the epidemiology and diagnosis of typhoid fever; the emergence of drug-resistant typhoid strains in the endemic setting; drug resistance observed in travellers; vaccines currently available to prevent typhoid fever; vaccine recommendations for people living in typhoid-endemic regions; strategies for the introduction of typhoid vaccines and stakeholders in vaccination programmes; and travel recommendations for a selection of destinations with a medium or high incidence of typhoid fever.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMID 33301931 Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021 Mar-Apr;40:101946. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101946. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
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