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著者: Laurence Huang, Adithya Cattamanchi, J Lucian Davis, Saskia den Boon, Joseph Kovacs, Steven Meshnick, Robert F Miller, Peter D Walzer, William Worodria, Henry Masur, International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (IHOP) Study, Lung HIV Study
雑誌名: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Jun;8(3):294-300. doi: 10.1513/pats.201009-062WR.
Abstract/Text
During the past 30 years, major advances have been made in our understanding of HIV/AIDS and Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), but significant gaps remain. Pneumocystis is classified as a fungus and is host-species specific, but an understanding of its reservoir, mode of transmission, and pathogenesis is incomplete. PCP remains a frequent AIDS-defining diagnosis and is a frequent opportunistic pneumonia in the United States and in Europe, but comparable epidemiologic data from other areas of the world that are burdened with HIV/AIDS are limited. Pneumocystis cannot be cultured, and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage is the gold standard procedure to diagnose PCP, but noninvasive diagnostic tests and biomarkers show promise that must be validated. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the recommended first-line treatment and prophylaxis regimen, but putative trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole drug resistance is an emerging concern. The International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (IHOP) study was established to address these knowledge gaps. This review describes recent advances in the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of HIV-associated PCP and ongoing areas of clinical and translational research that are part of the IHOP study and the Longitudinal Studies of HIV-associated Lung Infections and Complications (Lung HIV).
PMID 21653531 Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Jun;8(3):294-300. doi: 10.1513/pats.201009-062WR.
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